mRNA Translation (Advanced)
The job of the mRNA is to carry the gene's message from the DNA out of the nucleus to a ribosome for production of the particular protein that this gene codes for. Originally created for DNA Interactive ( http://www.dnai.org ). TRANSCRIPT: The job of this mRNA is to carry the genes message from the DNA out of the nuceus to a ribosome for production of the particular protein that this gene codes for. There can be several million ribosomes in a typical eukaryotic cell these complex catalytic machines use the mrna copy of the genetic information to assemble amino acid building blokes into the three dimensional proteins that are essential for life. Lets see how it works. The ribosome is composed of one large and one small sub-unit that assemble around the messenger RNA, which then passes through the ribosome like a computer tape. The amino acid building blocks (that's the small glowing red molecules) are carried into the ribosome attached to specific transfer RNAs. That's the larger green molecules also referred to as tRNA. The small sub-unit of the ribosome positions the mRNA so that it can be read in groups of three letters known as a codon. Each codon on the mRNA matches a corresponding anti-codon on the base of a transfer RNA molecule.The larger sub-unit of the ribosome removes each amino acid and join it onto the growing protein chain. As the mRNA is ratcheted through the ribosome, the mRNA sequence is translated into an amino acid sequence. There are three locations inside the ribosome, designated the A-site, the P-site and the E-site. The addition of each amino acid is a three step cycle: First, the tRNA enters the ribosome at the A-site and is tested for a codon/anti-codon match with the mRNA. Next, provided there is a correct match, the tRNA is shifted to the P-site and the amino acid it carries is added to the end of the amino acid chain. The mRNA is also ratcheted on three nucleotides or one codon. Thirdly, the spent tRNA is moved to the E-site and then ejected from the ribosome to be recycled. As the protein synthesis proceeds, the finished chain emerges from the ribosome. It folds up into a precise shape, determined by the exact order of amino acids. Thus the Central Dogma explains how the four letter DNA code is - quite literally - turned into flesh and blood.Category: Education
Author: DNALearningCenter
Published (on YouTube): 2010-03-22
Published (here): 2012-05-23
Rating: 4.909091; Votes:220
Views: 82145; Favorites: 256
Video duration: 4 min.
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Comments on «mRNA Translation (Advanced)»:
stevekeres on 2012-04-03
Pedants...knowledge ...
Pedants...knowledge puffing up...
constructivist6 on 2012-04-03
Amazing!
Amazing!
PaintballOO7 on 2012-03-24
Thanks for the ...
Thanks for the info!!! Helped me understand how translation works!!!
jackalsdole on 2012-02-29
This video + ...
This video + shrooms = not a good combo
lizardlava100 on 2012-02-29
this is advanced, ...
this is advanced, for a 9th grader
Unic0rnendrainb0wz on 2012-02-26
This is the worst ...
This is the worst animation ever.....
2219155 on 2012-02-26
what about ...
what about initiation factors?
mtmorgan90 on 2012-02-15
Advanced?! Psh. It ...
Advanced?! Psh. It did not explain elongation or initiation factors...
mtmorgan90 on 2012-02-15
It is called ...
It is called ribosomal RNA and contains structures and enzymes necessary for the synthesis of proteins. I hope that helps a little :)
texag713 on 2012-02-15
"Advanced" and ...
"Advanced" and nothing about Chaperonin eh?
pawelpap9 on 2012-02-13
These are not ...
These are not simulations, these are animations, incorrect I may add. Both electron microscopy and X-ray crystallography allow one to see at least some of the events at a sufficient scale of details.
Tomwenn on 2012-02-11
ribosomal RNA
ribosomal RNA
eliastop on 2012-02-06
what is rRNA?
what is rRNA?
TimwiTerby on 2012-01-26
Aaaaarrrggh ...
Aaaaarrrggh interlacing aaarrrgghh hatehatehate!
deliciousfishtacos on 2012-01-16
staring at all the ...
staring at all the t-RNA hurt my eyes
TheKwest1455 on 2012-01-05
this youtube ...
this youtube channel is gonna be useful...i hope
sinachiniforoosh on 2012-01-05
but I think it does ...
but I think it does happen after all, right?
hwelham18 on 2011-12-21
This is barely more ...
This is barely more advanced that A Level. Nice animation anyway
MrCarlover1 on 2011-12-21
ha this is my ...
ha this is my regular bio class
wellplayednessy on 2011-12-14
This is absolutely ...
This is absolutely brilliant! Perfect for my AP Bio class! Thank you!
DrStasso on 2011-12-12
These are ...
These are simulations, there has never been motion capture of something so small (not to my knowledge at least). By sequencing the various subunits and studying the crystal structures of the transitions states of the reactions we can imply the mechanisms and the chemistry behind them.
norman191000 on 2011-12-11
how do they know ...
how do they know about this process in such a detail? What is the methodology of gathering motion data of such a small units?
theeHeisenberg on 2011-12-08
it's called ...
it's called advanced because of the super hi def graphics
hafizzainudin92 on 2011-12-07
i guess it is not ...
i guess it is not advance enough for a biological diploma